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Manual of Gardening

individual specimens, they should be given plenty of room, so that the
limbs will not be crowded and the tree become misshapen. Whatever else
is done to the spruces and firs, the lower limbs should not be trimmed
up, at least not until the tree has become so old that the lowest
branches die. Some species hold their branches much longer than others.
The oriental spruce (_Picea orientalis_) is one of the best in this
respect. The occasional slight heading-in, that has been mentioned,
will tend to preserve the lower limbs, and it will not be marked enough
to alter the form of the tree.

The number of excellent coniferous evergreens now offered in the


American trade is large. They are slow of growth and require much room
if good specimens are to be obtained; but if the space can be had and
the proper exposure secured, no trees add greater dignity and
distinction to an estate. Reliable comments on the rarer conifers may be
found in the catalogues of the best nurserymen.

_List of shrubby conifers._

The following list contains the most usual of the shrub-like coniferous
evergreens, with (A) to mark those native to this country. The (DD) in
this and the succeeding list marks those species that are found to be
hardy at Ottawa, Ontario, and are recommended by the Central
Experimental Farm of Canada.

Dwarf arborvitae, _Thuja occidentalis._(A)

There are many dwarf and compact varieties of arborvitae, most of which
are excellent for small places. The most desirable for general purposes,
and also the largest, is the so-called Siberian. Other very desirable
forms are those sold as _globosa, ericoides, compacta,(DD) Hovey,(DD)

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